Pakistan's Ideological Ambiguities

The seemingly never-ending debates swing from one extreme to the other, from a Secular state to a Khilafat. From a homeland for Muslims to What Quaid-e-Azam Mohammed Ali Jinnah intended Pakistan to be, what it has become and where is it going?What drove Mr Jinnah from an Indian Nationalist to a champion of the two-nation theory? Did Muslims in India constitute a nation? How relevant is the two-nation theory after the separation of East Pakistan and with more Muslims living in India than in Pakistan? Seventy-three years on, we are still struggling with these and many other similar questions. We don’t seem to come out of the ideological crisis.

Our guest, Professor Dr Ishtiaq Ahmed, a political scientist and a historian, is one of the few scholars who can provide objective analyses, a historical perspective and help us guide to find real answers.

Among several other famous books, he is…